Treatment of adults with spasticity is of paramount importance and the most effective option is to use baclofen (Baclofen). Baclofen is considered first-line therapy for spasticity of the arms and legs and has been shown to improve functional status in up to 80% of patients [
]. Baclofen is available as capsules, tablets, liquid suspensions, and intravenous solutions [
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For patients with mild to moderate spasticity, oral baclofen is considered first-line therapy and Baclofen is considered first-line therapy in all age groups [
Although baclofen is considered a first-line treatment for spasticity, several other first-line treatment options have been explored for patients with moderate spasticity.
Baclofen is not considered first-line treatment for spasticity of the arms or legs in the management of spasticity. However, in the literature, baclofen has been used for the treatment of spasticity of the muscles of the upper limb (the flexor carpal neurone or the plantar tibialis (PCN)). A review of the literature published in 2011 suggested that spasticity in the hand and knee could be treated with baclofen for patients with moderate to severe spasticity [
Other treatments for patients with spasticity of the hand or knee include oral baclofen (10 mg daily), topical intrathecal baclofen (5% or 10%), or oral baclofen pump. Other treatments include intravenous botulinum toxin injections (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg, every 4–8 hours for 5–7 days), or surgical treatment of the hand or knee [
In addition to oral baclofen, oral botulinum toxin injections have also been used in spasticity of the muscles of the upper limb. Botulinum toxin is a toxin that is applied in the treatment of spasticity. The recommended dosage for botulinum toxin injections is 10–40 mg every 4–8 hours. The maximum dose can be given for 1–2 weeks.
Baclofen has been used in the treatment of spasticity of the muscles of the upper limb for many years. The first-line therapy for spasticity of the muscles of the upper limb was first reported by Saitoh in 1973 [
Baclofen was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974 and is now widely used in the management of spasticity [
In clinical studies, spasticity was the most common cause of disability in patients with spasticity of the lower limb [
Spasticity is also a common cause of disability in patients with mild to moderate spasticity [
In most of the cases, spasticity in the lower limb can be treated with botulinum toxin or botulinum suppositories [
Spasticity of the muscles of the upper limb has been shown to be a good quality of life outcome for patients with spasticity of the lower limb. It has been shown that spasticity in the lower limb can be managed with botulinum toxin injections [
For patients with mild to moderate spasticity of the lower limb, oral botulinum toxin injections have been effective [
Spasticity of the lower limb can be treated with botulinum toxin injections [
For patients with mild to moderate spasticity of the upper limb, oral botulinum toxin injections have been effective in improving functional status in 80% of patients [
For patients with mild to moderate spasticity of the lower limb, oral botulinum toxin injections have been effective in improving functional status in 80% of patients [
Baclofen tablets are indicated for the treatment of spasticity affecting multiple parts of the spinal cord, including multiple sclerosis patients. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant. Treatment of spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis include spinal anaesthesia and the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, ibuprofen or naproxen.
Baclofen should be used with caution in patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. The safety of baclofen tablets has not been established in patients with an underlying cerebrovascular disease, including stroke, transient ischemic attack or cerebral palsy. Baclofen should be used with caution in patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease, such as multiple sclerosis, with an increased risk of stroke, transient ischemic attack or cerebral palsy. Baclofen tablets should be used with caution in patients with an underlying cerebrovascular disease, such as stroke or transient ischemic attack.
The most common side effects of baclofen tablets are sedation, constipation, dry mouth, dizziness, weakness and confusion. Patients should be advised to contact their doctor immediately if they experience these symptoms.
Please read the enclosed leaflet carefully before you start treatment with baclofen
You should stop treatment as quickly as possible on the following day. You may need to take baclofen again on an empty stomach or after a meal that contains baclofen. If you have any concerns about stopping treatment, contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Baclofen is contraindicated in patients with a history of stroke, transient ischemic attack or cerebral palsy, particularly in the elderly. Severe hypotension, including postural hypotension, has been reported in patients treated with baclofen tablets. Inform your doctor if you experience any other symptoms of sedation, dry mouth or dizziness after taking baclofen, including confusion, drowsiness, or changes in behaviour or movement including seizures.
Read this leaflet before you start treatment with baclofenTell your doctor if you: • Are breastfeeding • Are taking cyclosporine • Are taking warfarin • Are allergic to cyclosporine • Are taking any other medicines
Tell your doctor If you: • Are pregnant • Are breastfeeding • Do not take baclofen If you are pregnant or breast-feeding • Are taking any other medicines Have kidney or liver problems Have eye or vision problems Have adrenal gland dysfunction Have retinitis pigmentosa (an inherited eye condition that causes loss of vision) Or a rare inherited eye disease called non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy You should seek urgent medical attention if you develop any of the following symptoms: • Dizziness • Lightheadedness • fainting • Difficulty breathing or passing urine • Sudden pain or loss of strengthTell your doctor if you are taking any other medicines, including non-prescription or herbal medicines Uses of baclofen Tablets This medicine is not expected to affect your fertility. Your doctor has not evaluated your fertility, but there may be changes in your menstrual period or the results of your ovarian function tests may be different. If you have concerns about the changes in your menstrual period or the results of your ovarian function tests, consult your doctor.The results of your blood tests may be different. If you notice any of the following signs and symptoms of irregular bleeding, bruising or bruising: • Difficulty urinating • Swollen glands in your eyes • Fever • Changes in your breast skin color • Chest pain or lump in your small intestine
Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. This medicine is not expected to affect fertility. Your doctor has not evaluated the effects of this medicine in your child. Blood tests may be necessary to monitor the changes in your menstrual period and to make sure that the baby is healthy. If the results of your blood tests are not available at the time of your blood test for several months, you may need regular monitoring. Your baby may need to be monitored for changes in the amount of fluid in the breasts.See the enclosed leaflet for information about taking baclofen and monitoring your baby. You may take this medicine at any time of the day, but please read this leaflet carefully before you start treatment with baclofen.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Your doctor has not evaluated your pregnancy, but there may be changes in your menstrual period and results of your ovarian function tests may be different.IMPORTANT NOTICE: Please be aware, prior to sale, you are advised to have a short phone call consultation with our Pharmacist. Automatic purchase consents the Pharmacist to give you a quick call.
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Please note: This is a generic prescription preparation made by Pfizer, Inc. Please see full contents for further details.
Please note that the actual contents of this leaflet are not intended to replace advice on medical treatments or daily routine. We are unable to give you advice on which treatment is the best for you. However, we encourage you to talk to your GP or pharmacist before starting any new medicine. If you have any further questions or concerns, please advise the author of the source.
Baclofen is an analogue of paracetamol. It works by reducing the effect of the central nervous system by blocking receptors in the brain. Baclofen is prescribed in conjunction with other medicinal products for muscle spasms and muscle pain, as well as for the treatment of certain types of anxiety disorders.
Baclofen is also used for the treatment of the following conditions:
You can find Baclofen on Pfizer's website at Pfizer. Here is a short description of the product:
Baclofen is a brand name for Baclofen. It is a synthetic version of the neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acts by blocking the effects of the central nervous system (CNS).
Baclofen is sold under the name Baclofen. In this case, Baclofen is indicated for the treatment of muscle spasms and pain associated with:
You can find Baclofen on Pfizer's website at Pfizer's website.
Baclofen is a prescription medicine. The dosage is determined by the individual's response to Baclofen. It is normally given once a day. The typical daily dose is 10 mg taken once a day, or as needed. Baclofen is not to be taken on an empty stomach. It is important to follow a slow and gradual increase of the dose.
What is Baclofen?
Baclofen is a prescription medication used to treat muscle spasms in people with a spinal cord injury and to treat pain associated with cerebral palsy. It can also be used for other conditions such as spina bifida.
Baclofen is classified as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist. GABA is a neurotransmitter that is present in nerves that receive messages from the central nervous system. GABA is also produced in the brain and is necessary for the activity of the central nervous system.
How Does Baclofen Work?
Baclofen works by blocking the action of the GABA-B receptor in the spinal cord. GABA is a neurotransmitter that is released by nerve cells, but it also activates these neurons.
Baclofen also affects the function of other parts of the brain, including the hypothalamus, a brain region in which the brain makes signals from the spinal cord to the brain.
Baclofen is a popular medication used to treat muscle spasms caused by spinal cord injury or surgery.
How to Take Baclofen?
It is important to take baclofen exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Baclofen is usually taken orally once a day with or without food. You should take this medication exactly as your doctor has told you. If you forget to take baclofen, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your next dose as usual. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
What to Expect When Taking Baclofen?
You should expect to experience side effects when taking baclofen. The most common side effects include:
Some of the more serious side effects that people may experience include:
These side effects are rare but can occur. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
When to Avoid Baclofen?
It is important to avoid taking baclofen if you are taking certain medications. You should not take baclofen if you are currently taking any of the following:
It is also important to be cautious when taking baclofen if you have kidney disease, liver disease, glaucoma, a history of seizures or are currently taking other medications that may make baclofen more likely to cause seizures.
You should take baclofen exactly as your doctor has told you. Baclofen is usually taken once a day, once a week, with or without food. The dosage of baclofen depends on the severity of your muscle spasms and the severity of your pain. It is important to follow the instructions of your doctor. Take baclofen exactly as your doctor has told you.
You should take baclofen exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Baclofen can be taken with or without food. You should take it at the same time each day. If you miss a dose of baclofen, take it as soon as possible unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose of baclofen to make up for a missed dose.
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